romans chapter 16 explained

2. In addition, if the name in Romans 16:7 is accented as Iouniãn it would be from the proposed masculine name Iouniãs. Peter Lampe takes the investigation of these names further by noting what Paul says about the various people mentioned. Now observe his description of them, in two things:-- (1.) Some that were his particular friends, and probably known to the Roman Christians: Timotheus my work-fellow. This will be the best preservative against the snares of heretics, and schismatics, and false teachers. Scripture: Romans 11:11–16. Romans 2:1-16 is a powerful passage about the nature of God’s justice. Their God is their belly, Philippians 3:19. He was a choice Christian, whose gifts and graces evinced that he was eternally chosen in Christ Jesus. The veil is rent, the shadows of the evening are done away, and life and immortality are brought to light by the gospel, and the Sun of righteousness has risen upon the world. A truly godly man will be careful to take religion along with him wherever he goes. Chapter Contents. And, (1.) This leads some textual critics to conclude that Π46 had an antecedent that ended at chapter 15, since the final benediction was shifted to the end of that chapter. 14 Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren which are with them. Whether scholars consider this as Paul’s own benediction or one by a later scribe, most regard this benediction as a fitting summary of the letter. Surely, because now the event has given the best exposition to the prophecies of the Old Testament. In a nutshell, Epp shows how there is no record of any man being named Junias, even though that used to be the suggested form of the masculine name.21 And as for a contraction of Iunianus, Epp follows a scholar named Thorley in asserting that the contraction of Iunianus would be Iunas, rather than the Iunias found here.22 The variant Julia shows that a scribe was reading this as a woman’s name and changed it to a more recognizable woman’s name, perhaps also influenced by the “Julia” of Romans 16:15.23 A last ditch effort to keep women out of leadership roles has been attempted by those who state that “outstanding among the apostles” means that a woman named Junia was recognized as special by the apostles, but was not considered an apostle herself. Of Epenetus it is further said that he was the first-fruit of Achaia unto Christ not only one of the most eminent believers in that country, but one of the first that was converted to the faith of Christ: one that was offered up to God by Paul, as the first-fruits of his ministry there an earnest of a great harvest for in Corinth, the chief city of Achaia, God had much people, Acts 18:10. A. Greetings to many different Christians. Scripture: Romans 11:13–24. 1. Observe, (1.) This good woman, upon some occasion or other, had been as a mother to Paul, in caring for him, and comforting him and Paul here gratefully owns it, and calls her mother. Entertain her bid her welcome." I commend to you Phoebe our sister, who is a servant of the church in Cenchrea, that you may receive her in the Lord in a manner worthy of the saints, and assist her in whatever business she has need of you; for indeed she has been a helper of many and of myself also. 3:1-2; 9:1-3; 11:1, 28; 16:7, 11, 21). Probably they used to meet at her house, and she undertook the care of entertaining the ministers, especially strangers. After the “God of peace” benediction, the people with Paul, apparently in Corinth, send their greetings. 1 I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon # 16:1 Or servant # 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. It is observable how often Paul speaks as if he were concluding, and yet takes fresh hold again. The *Holy Spirit … None of the people listed in Romans 16 were famous or powerful in the world’s eyes. But how is it made manifest by the scriptures of the prophets? Chapter 16. Their words and speeches have a show of holiness and zeal for God (it is an easy thing to be godly from the teeth outward), and show of kindness and love to those into whom they instil their corrupt doctrines, accosting them courteously when they intend them the greatest mischief. The Basic Principle of Impartiality (2:12-13) B. This is speaking of doctrinal falsehood and unrighteous practices. Where the law of love is in the heart the law of kindness will be in the tongue. [2.] 3:1-2; 9:1-5; 11:2, 25-32; 15:9-12). Concerning Epenetus, Romans 16:5. It was no disparagement to the chamberlain of the city to be a preacher of the gospel of Christ. 2. That much—and more—is quite clear. It is the revelation of the mystery which was kept secret since the world began, and by the scriptures of the prophets made known. There is something observable in several of these salutations. He recommends her to their care and kindness, as one worthy to be taken notice of with peculiar respect. Concerning the rest this is observable, that he salutes the brethren who are with them (Romans 16:14), and the saints who are with them (Romans 16:15), with them in family-relations, with them in the bond of Christian communion. Romans 16:3 Greek Prisca, a variant of Priscilla; Romans 16:7 Or are esteemed by; a) In a sense, that is what I want you to get out of Chapter 16. 3:8,12. of the church in Cenchreae. (3.) The apostle's commission. The sixteenth chapter of Romans was treated as a detachable unit at least as early as the second century, showing that some considered it to be a tagalong compared with the rest of Paul’s letter to the Romans. 20 And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly. Jesus Christ in the Book of Romans A Final Prayer. Our redemption and salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ, are, without controversy, a great mystery of godliness. Most readers of Romans today are returning to what Origen saw early on: that Paul in this letter steers between Jews and the ethnē when composing a letter whose themes orbit around Israel.30 To return to the simile of the envelope, this benediction is worth reading precisely because it is evidence of how easy it is for Christians to think the letter is only about them. Her placement here and the words about her make it probable that Paul has chosen her to carry his letter to Rome. To be simple concerning evil--so wise as not to be deceived, and yet so simple as not to be deceivers. Paul may also be designating Phoebe as the person who will carry the letter and make sure it is read in the Roman house churches, as he designates Tychicus at the end of Ephesians and Colossians (Eph. When we come to God for spiritual victories, we must not only eye him as the Lord of hosts, whose all power is, but as the God of peace, a God at peace with us, speaking peace to us, working peace in us, creating peace for us. Perhaps Epenetus was one of that household or, at least, he was one of the first three not the first alone, but one of the first fleece of Christians, that the region of Achaia afforded. He was one of a thousand for integrity and holiness.--And his mother and mine, his mother by nature and mine by Christian love and spiritual affection as he calls Phebe his sister, and teaches Timothy to treat the elder women as mothers, 1 Timothy 5:2. You’ve got to get the context down. A. Greetings to many different Christians. 16 Salute one another with a holy kiss. Assist her in whatsoever business she has need of you. 1 Edwards, Romans, p. 354. Here in Romans 16 are six members of Paul's family, kinsmen who are now Christians. It is some base lust or other that they are pleasing pride, ambition, covetousness, luxury, lasciviousness, these are the designs which they are really carrying on. Lampe points out as well that the verb ‘labor’ (kopiaō), a verb used for performing missionary work and applied to Paul in Galatians 4:11 and 1 Corinthians 15:10, is used four times of women and never for a man here in Romans 16.11. Romans 1:16. He begins by introducing them to Phoebe, the lady who will deliver this letter from him in … 16:1-15– These verses consist of a list of people who received Paul’s greetings in Rome.They were both Jews and Gentiles, men and women, slave and free. The devil and his agents have a particular spite against flourishing churches and flourishing souls. 3 Greet Priscilla and Aquila my helpers in Christ Jesus: 4 Who have for my life laid down their own necks: unto whom not only I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles. T. W. Manson went so far as to suggest that Paul’s original letter ended at chapter 15, and that what we call chapter 16 was added to a copy of the Roman letter and sent to Ephesus.2 When textual critics compare Π46 with other early manuscripts of Romans, there is clear evidence that in the second century, if not before, a fourteen-chapter version of the letter once circulated, composed of 1:1-14:23 plus 16:25-27. The name that occurs in most of the manuscripts is Iounian, a name that when found with no accent could be either a man or a woman. ROMANS CHAPTER 16. Romans 4:16. Because of the promise of God, that we shall have victory at last, which is given to quicken and encourage, not to supersede, our watchful cares and vigorous endeavours. THE CONTEXT Paul begins his letter to the Romans with a salutation (1:1-7) and a prayer of thanksgiving (1:8-15). John Piper Dec 7, 2003 20 Shares Sermon. As the Apostle had before sent his own salutations to many of this church, and that of the churches round him to them all, he here adds an affectionate remembrance of them from some particular persons who were now with him, the better to promote acquaintance and fellowship among distant saints, and that the subscribing of these worthy names, known to them, might the more recommend this epistle. Some refer it to the happy period of their contentions in true love and unity others to the period of the church's persecutions in the conversion of the powers of the empire to Christianity, when the bloody enemies of the church were subdued and trampled on by Constantine, and the church under his government. Some think there was a church there, distinct from that at Corinth, though, being so near, it is very probable that the church of Corinth is called the church of Cenchrea, because their place of meeting might be there, on account of the great opposition to them in the city (Acts 18:12), as at Philippi they met out of the city by the water-side, Acts 16:13. In this version, the final two chapters, which were tied to the circumstances in Paul’s life and the specific addressees of the letter, as well as the destination phrases (“in Rome”) in 1:7, 15, were omitted in order to make the letter more relevant for the church at large. 451201 > ROMANS 12:1-21 HERE we enter on the second division of this Epistle, where Paul, according to his accustomed method, enforces the duties of believers, by arguments dependent on his previous exhibition of the grand and influential doctrines of the Gospel.These doctrines, as well as all the commandments of God, may be summed up in one word, namely, in\parLOVE. Romans Chapter 16 "Paul's Salutations, [1-20]; First and Second Postscript." Now. "The false teachers hear that you are an obedient people, and therefore they will be likely to come among you, to see if you will be obedient to them." Romans 16:1. For example, see Origen, Commentary on Romans, 10.17. (2.) Romans 16:1 Or servant; Romans 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. They were of note among the apostles, not so much perhaps because they were persons of estate and quality in the world as because they were eminent for knowledge, and gifts, and graces, which made them famous among the apostles, who were competent judges of those things, and were endued with a spirit of discerning not only the sincerity, but the eminency, of Christians. It isn't until verse 16 that he finally gets to his main point. But Paul was in prisons more frequent (2 Corinthians 11:23), in some of which, it seems, he met with his friends Andronicus and Junia, yoke-fellows, as in other things, so in suffering for Christ and bearing his yoke. None of them knew that their names would be enshrined in Scripture for millions of Christians down through the ages to read. Before the foundation of the world was laid, the mystery was hid in God, Ephesians 3:9. This Paul suggests with a great deal of modesty and tenderness not as one suspicious of them, but as one solicitous for them: "You obedience has come abroad unto all men we grant this and rejoice in it: I am glad therefore on your behalf." Acknowledgment of favours is the least return we can make. Thus by good words and fair speeches the serpent beguiled Eve. a. I commend to you Phoebe our sister: Paul certainly knew the value of what women could do in serving the church. Special respect is to be paid to those that set out early, and come to work in the vineyard at the first hour, at the first call. II. 1. Or, since the world began, so we translate it. We have a great need therefore to keep our hearts with all diligence, especially when seducing spirits are abroad. 1. Concerning Rufus (Romans 16:13), chosen in the Lord. Illustrations of this need in baptism, in visiting the women’s part of a house, in introducing women to the deacon or bishop, may be found in the Apostolical Constitutions.7 In the volume that replaced this commentary for the International Critical Commentary series, Cranfield proves to be more open to Phoebe’s status as holder of a definite office: It is very much more natural…to understand it as referring to a definite office. The Jewish ethnicity of some of the people in Paul’s audience is explicitly marked by his use of the term suggenēs, a word that I’ve translated ‘relative’ in Figure 2. See 1 Peter 1:5; John 10:29. (2.) John Piper Dec 24, 2006 181 Shares God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him 9 Salute Urbane, our helper in Christ, and Stachys my beloved. One such difficulty worth discussing here involves the question of to whom the passage is directed. Epp shows the research supporting this assertion is actually inconclusive, and cites the native Greek speaker John Chrysostom’s clear testimony that the text is indicating that Junia, a woman, is regarded as an apostle.24, The scope of addressees listed here shows us that Paul is embracing a Christianity in which women labor as leaders and in which slaves and people of differing ethnic origins are accorded full place. And doubtless it had a good influence upon this that Priscilla the good wife of the family was so very eminent and forward in religion, so eminent that she is often named first. Epp, “Text-Critical, Exegetical, and Socio-Cultural Factors,” 265. What a base master do they serve, and how unworthy to come in competition with Christ, that serve their own bellies, that make gain their godliness, and the gratifying of a sensual appetite the very scope and business of their lives, to which all other purposes and designs must truckle and be made subservient. Third, there is a warning to stay away from people who stir up division among the believers, followed by a benediction that envisions God crushing Satan under the hearers’ feet. Romans 16 [[[[[ROM 16:1 I commend unto you Phebe our sister, which is a servant of the church which is at Cenchrea: ROM 16:2 That ye receive her in the Lord, as becometh saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever business she hath need of you: for she hath been a succourer of many, and of myself also. Paul was in a great deal of danger at Corinth, while he sojourned with them but they sheltered him, though they thereby made themselves obnoxious to the enraged multitudes, Acts 18:12,17. Chapter Contents. Hold out therefore, faith and patience, yet a little while when we have once got through the Red Sea, we shall see our spiritual enemies dead on the shore, and triumphantly sing the song of Moses and the song of the Lamb. But they serve their own belly--their carnal, sensual, secular interests. The household of Stephanas is likewise said to be the first-fruits of Achaia, 1 Corinthians 16:15. When Priscilla and Aquila were at Ephesus, though but sojourners there, yet there also they had a church in their house, 1 Corinthians 16:19. You are a willing good-natured people, but you had best take heed of being imposed upon by those seducers." Both Christ and his apostles had some of their best friends among the devout (and upon that account honourable) women. The snares of heretics, and then to hold fast that only which is good that... Son to rescue you from sin and judgment into, and can not teach Romans is... Romans contains greetings, steward or treasurer Christ was the preacher of pernicious! Is of power to establish you establishes souls is the firstfruits of,! When Paul sends greetings kinsmen, salute you should pass among Christians to express love and... How these words have been the person who personally delivered Paul ’ s word she. 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